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| Line | Among the myths taken as fact by the |
| environmental managers of most corporations is | |
| the belief that environmental regulations affect all | |
| competitors in a given industry uniformly. In reality, | |
| (5) | regulatory costs—and therefore compliance— |
| fall unevenly, economically disadvantaging some | |
| companies and benefiting others. For example, a | |
| plant situated near a number of larger | |
| noncompliant competitors is less likely to attract | |
| (10) | the attention of local regulators than is an isolated |
| plant, and less attention means lower costs. | |
| Additionally, large plants can spread compliance | |
| costs such as waste treatment across a larger | |
| revenue base; on the other hand, some smaller | |
| (15) | plants may not even be subject to certain |
| provisions such as permit or reporting | |
| requirements by virtue of their size. Finally, older | |
| production technologies often continue to generate | |
| toxic wastes that were not regulated when the | |
| (20) | technology was first adopted. New regulations |
| have imposed extensive compliance costs on | |
| companies still using older industrial coal-fired | |
| burners that generate high sulfur dioxide and | |
| nitrogen oxide outputs, for example, whereas new | |
| (25) | facilities generally avoid processes that would |
| create such waste products. By realizing that they | |
| have discretion and that not all industries are | |
| affected equally by environmental regulation, | |
| environmental managers can help their companies | |
| (30) | to achieve a competitive edge by anticipating |
| regulatory pressure and exploring all possibilities for | |
| addressing how changing regulations will affect their | |
| companies specifically. |
The primary purpose of the passage is to
答案：E
